If you or a loved one is struggling with eczema, finding effective treatments can make a world of difference in managing this common skin condition. From over-the-counter creams to prescription medications, there are various approaches available to ease the discomfort and symptoms associated with eczema. In this article, we will explore some proven treatment options that you can consider to find relief and improve the overall health of your skin.
Moisturizers
Use a moisturizer daily
Moisturizers are an essential part of managing eczema and should be used daily. By applying moisturizer regularly, you can help restore and retain the moisture in your skin, preventing it from drying out and becoming more susceptible to eczema flare-ups. Make it a habit to moisturize your entire body, paying close attention to the areas typically affected by eczema, such as the hands, elbows, knees, and ankles.
Apply moisturizer immediately after bathing
One of the best times to apply moisturizer is right after bathing or showering. This is when your skin is still damp, and applying moisturizer at this time helps to lock in the moisture and prevent your skin from drying out. Pat your skin dry gently with a towel and then immediately apply a generous amount of moisturizer all over your body, gently massaging it in until it is fully absorbed. This simple step can make a huge difference in keeping your eczema-prone skin hydrated and soothed.
Choose a thick and fragrance-free moisturizer
When selecting a moisturizer for eczema, look for one that is thick and rich in texture. These types of moisturizers provide better protection for your skin and help to seal in moisture for longer periods. Additionally, opt for fragrance-free moisturizers as added fragrances can potentially irritate your sensitive skin and trigger eczema flare-ups. Unscented or hypoallergenic moisturizers are generally the safest choice for people with eczema.
Consider using an ointment or cream instead of a lotion
While lotions might be convenient due to their lighter texture, they usually contain a higher water content and may not provide the same level of moisturization as ointments or creams. Ointments, in particular, are highly effective at trapping moisture in your skin and providing a protective barrier, preventing water loss. Creams are also a good option as they have a thicker consistency compared to lotions. Experiment with different products and find the formulation that works best for your skin.
Apply moisturizer multiple times a day if needed
It’s important to listen to your skin and adjust your moisturizing routine as needed. If you find that your skin still feels dry or itchy even after applying moisturizer once a day, consider increasing the frequency. Applying moisturizer multiple times a day can be especially beneficial during the colder months or when your skin is experiencing a particularly bad flare-up. Be diligent with your moisturizing routine and adapt it to your skin’s needs.
Topical Corticosteroids
Apply topical corticosteroids as directed
Topical corticosteroids are commonly prescribed by dermatologists to manage eczema symptoms. These medications help reduce inflammation and relieve itching, promoting healing and comfort for your skin. It is essential to apply topical corticosteroids exactly as directed by your doctor. Follow the recommended frequency and duration of application, and do not use more or less than prescribed.
Use the appropriate strength of corticosteroid
Topical corticosteroids come in various strengths, ranging from mild to potent. The appropriate strength of corticosteroid to use depends on the severity of your eczema and the location of the affected areas. Mild corticosteroids are typically suitable for delicate areas of the skin, such as the face and genitals, while stronger ones may be necessary for more stubborn or widespread eczema. It is crucial to discuss with your dermatologist to determine the most appropriate strength for your condition.
Apply a thin layer of corticosteroid to affected areas
When applying topical corticosteroids, it is important to use them sparingly and apply a thin layer to the affected areas. Using too much medication can increase the risk of side effects, such as thinning of the skin or discoloration. Gently massage the corticosteroid into your skin until it is absorbed, and avoid applying it to unaffected areas. Proper application ensures that the medication is effectively targeting and treating your eczema.
Avoid using corticosteroids on the face or genitals without doctor’s instructions
While corticosteroids can be beneficial for certain areas of the body, it is crucial to exercise caution when applying them to sensitive areas such as the face or genitals. These areas are more prone to thinning of the skin and other potential side effects. Only use corticosteroids on these areas if specifically instructed by your doctor. If you have any concerns or questions, consult your healthcare provider before using corticosteroids on these delicate areas.
Do not use topical corticosteroids for extended periods without medical supervision
Topical corticosteroids are generally safe and effective when used as directed. However, prolonged use of these medications without medical supervision can lead to adverse effects. It is important to follow up regularly with your doctor when using topical corticosteroids to ensure that they are still necessary and to monitor your skin’s response. Your doctor may adjust the treatment plan or recommend alternative options if needed.
Antihistamines
Take oral antihistamines as prescribed
Oral antihistamines can be a helpful tool in managing eczema symptoms, particularly itching. These medications work by blocking histamine, a substance released during an allergic response that triggers itching and inflammation. It is important to take oral antihistamines exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Follow the recommended dosage and frequency, and do not exceed the recommended duration of use.
Use antihistamines to relieve itching
One of the primary benefits of oral antihistamines for eczema is their ability to relieve itching. Itching can be a significant source of discomfort and can lead to scratching, which in turn exacerbates eczema symptoms. By taking antihistamines, you can effectively reduce itching and provide relief for your skin. However, it is important to note that antihistamines may not completely eliminate itching for everyone, and additional measures may be necessary.
Choose non-drowsy antihistamines for daytime use
Some antihistamines can cause drowsiness as a side effect, which may not be suitable for everyone, especially during the daytime when you need to stay alert. If you need relief from itching during the day but want to avoid drowsiness, choose non-drowsy antihistamines. These formulations provide itch relief without causing excessive sleepiness, allowing you to go about your daily activities while managing your eczema symptoms.
Follow the recommended dosage for antihistamines
Proper dosing is essential to ensure the effectiveness and safety of antihistamines. Follow the recommended dosage instructions provided by your doctor or pharmacist. Taking too much antihistamine can lead to side effects or complications, while taking too little may not provide adequate relief. If you have any questions or concerns about the dosage, consult your healthcare provider for clarification.
Consult a doctor before giving antihistamines to children
If your child is suffering from eczema and experiencing itching, it is important to consult a doctor before giving them any antihistamines. Children may require different dosages or specific formulations that are safe for their age. A healthcare professional can provide the appropriate guidance and ensure the safety and efficacy of antihistamines for your child.
Wet Wrap Therapy
Apply moisturizer to damp skin
Wet wrap therapy is a technique that involves applying moisturizer to damp skin, followed by covering the affected areas with wet bandages or clothing. Before starting wet wrap therapy, thoroughly moisturize your skin while it is still slightly damp after bathing or showering. This helps lock in the moisture and maximizes the benefits of the treatment.
Wrap affected areas with wet bandages or clothing
After applying moisturizer, wrap the affected areas with a layer of wet bandages or clothing. Use clean, damp bandages or clothing that have been soaked in lukewarm water. Wrapping the skin helps to increase the absorption of the moisturizer and prevents it from evaporating quickly, keeping your skin hydrated for a longer period of time.
Leave the wet wraps on for a specific duration
The length of time you leave the wet wraps on will depend on your doctor’s recommendations. Typically, it is recommended to keep the wet wraps on for several hours, such as overnight. This extended period helps to deeply hydrate and soothe the skin, providing relief from itching and inflammation.
Repeat wet wrap therapy as recommended
Wet wrap therapy is often done for a specific period as recommended by your healthcare provider. Depending on the severity of your eczema, you may be advised to repeat the therapy every night for several days or only as needed during flare-ups. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully to ensure optimal results and avoid any potential issues.
Monitor the skin for any adverse reactions
While wet wrap therapy can be highly effective for eczema, it is important to closely monitor your skin for any adverse reactions. Check for signs of irritation, redness, or increased itching during or after the treatment. If you notice any negative changes in your skin, or if your symptoms worsen, discontinue the therapy and consult your healthcare provider for further guidance.
Phototherapy
Consider phototherapy for moderate to severe eczema
Phototherapy, also known as light therapy, is a treatment option to consider if you have moderate to severe eczema that is not responding well to other treatments. Phototherapy involves exposing the skin to ultraviolet (UV) light to reduce inflammation and relieve symptoms. It is often performed under the supervision of a dermatologist or other trained healthcare professionals.
Undergo sessions of ultraviolet (UV) light treatments
During phototherapy, your body is exposed to either natural sunlight or artificial UV light. This exposure helps to suppress the immune system and reduce inflammation in the skin, leading to improvements in eczema symptoms. Phototherapy is usually done in sessions, with each session lasting a specific duration and frequency determined by your healthcare provider.
Follow the recommended exposure time and frequency
The appropriate exposure time and frequency of light therapy will vary depending on the specific type of phototherapy and the severity of your eczema. It is crucial to follow the recommendations provided by your dermatologist or healthcare team. Excessive exposure to UV light can cause sunburn and other complications, while insufficient exposure may not yield the desired results.
Protect the eyes and genitals during phototherapy
When undergoing phototherapy, it is important to protect sensitive areas such as the eyes and genitals from direct exposure to UV light. Your healthcare provider will provide suitable protective measures, such as eyewear and clothing, to shield these areas during the treatment. Follow the given instructions carefully to minimize any potential risks and ensure your safety.
Discuss potential risks and benefits with a dermatologist
Before starting phototherapy, it is essential to have a thorough discussion with a dermatologist about the potential risks and benefits of the treatment. Phototherapy can have certain side effects and considerations, such as an increased risk of skin cancer with long-term use or potential aggravation of existing skin conditions. Your dermatologist will assess your specific situation and guide you on whether phototherapy is a suitable option for you.
Immunosuppressants
Discuss the use of immunosuppressants with a doctor
Immunosuppressants are medications that work by suppressing the activity of the immune system. In the case of severe eczema, where other treatments have failed to bring relief, your doctor may suggest immunosuppressant therapy. However, the use of these medications carries specific risks and considerations, and it is crucial to have a detailed discussion with your doctor before starting this treatment.
Use systemic immunosuppressants for severe eczema
Systemic immunosuppressants are medications that are taken orally or injected, and they work throughout the body to suppress immune responses. They are generally reserved for severe cases of eczema that have not responded to other treatments. Systemic immunosuppressants have the potential to provide significant relief from eczema symptoms and improve quality of life for those affected.
Follow the prescribed dosage and duration
When using immunosuppressants, it is essential to strictly adhere to the prescribed dosage and duration of treatment. These medications require careful monitoring and management, and your doctor will establish a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs. Deviating from the prescribed regimen can lead to ineffective treatment or increased risks, so it is important to communicate openly with your healthcare provider and follow their instructions.
Regularly monitor the body for side effects
Immunosuppressants can have potential side effects, and it is important to be vigilant about monitoring your body for any adverse reactions. Common side effects may include gastrointestinal issues, increased susceptibility to infections, and changes in blood pressure or kidney function. Regularly communicate with your doctor and report any new or worsening symptoms promptly to ensure prompt intervention and the best possible management of your eczema and overall health.
Undergo regular blood tests while on immunosuppressants
When using immunosuppressants, your doctor may monitor your progress and assess the impact of the medication through regular blood tests. These tests help to evaluate the function of various organs, assess potential side effects, and ensure the immunosuppressive treatment is being properly managed. Consistently attending your medical appointments and complying with the blood test schedule is crucial for effective treatment and early detection of any complications.
Biologic Drugs
Consult a dermatologist about biologic drugs
Biologic drugs are a relatively new class of medications that target specific components of the immune system involved in causing eczema. These medications are reserved for severe cases that have not responded to other treatments. If you have severe eczema that continues to be unresponsive to conventional therapies, consult a dermatologist to determine whether biologic drugs may be a suitable option for you.
Consider biologics for severe eczema unresponsive to other treatments
Biologic drugs are an advanced treatment option and are generally only considered when other treatment methods have been unsuccessful in managing severe eczema. Biologics target specific molecules or proteins in the immune system that are responsible for inflammation and help modulate the immune response. They have shown promising results in improving eczema symptoms and quality of life for many patients.
Receive biologic drugs via injection or infusion
Biologic drugs are typically administered through injections or infusions. The specific method of administration will depend on the specific medication prescribed and its formulation. These treatments are usually performed in a medical setting, such as a dermatology clinic or hospital, and are closely supervised by healthcare professionals. During these sessions, the medication is introduced into the body, targeting the underlying immune response that contributes to eczema.
Follow the recommended dosing schedule
To maximize the effectiveness of biologic drugs, it is crucial to follow the recommended dosing schedule provided by your dermatologist or healthcare team. Biologics are often given at specific intervals, and adhering to the schedule ensures that the medication maintains its therapeutic effects. Deviating from the recommended dosing schedule can result in reduced efficacy or potential treatment failure.
Be aware of potential side effects and risks
Biologic drugs, like any medication, can carry certain risks and potential side effects. It is important to be aware of these risks before starting treatment and to discuss them thoroughly with your dermatologist. Common side effects may include injection site reactions, gastrointestinal symptoms, or an increased susceptibility to infections. Your dermatologist will carefully weigh the risks and benefits of biologic treatment and provide personalized recommendations based on your individual circumstances.
Alternative Therapies
Explore natural remedies like coconut oil or oatmeal baths
While conventional treatments are typically the first line of defense against eczema, some people find relief from alternative therapies. Natural remedies such as coconut oil or oatmeal baths have been reported to reduce itchiness and inflammation for some individuals. However, it is important to remember that natural remedies may not work for everyone, and their effectiveness varies among individuals. Before trying any alternative therapies, consult with a healthcare professional to ensure they are safe and appropriate for your specific situation.
Consider acupuncture or acupressure for symptom relief
Acupuncture and acupressure are ancient practices that involve stimulating specific points on the body to alleviate various symptoms, including itching and inflammation associated with eczema. While research on the effectiveness of acupuncture and acupressure for eczema is limited, some individuals report positive results. If you are curious about these alternative therapies, consult with a licensed acupuncturist or healthcare provider to discuss the potential benefits and risks.
Try relaxation techniques such as meditation or yoga
Managing stress is important for anyone, particularly for individuals with eczema, as stress is known to trigger flare-ups. Incorporating relaxation techniques into your daily routine, such as meditation, deep breathing exercises, or yoga, can help reduce stress levels and promote overall well-being. While relaxation techniques may not directly cure eczema, they can potentially help manage stress-related triggers and improve your overall quality of life.
Discuss alternative therapies with a healthcare professional
Before trying any alternative therapies, it is crucial to have an open and honest conversation with a healthcare professional. They can provide guidance, assess the safety and efficacy of alternative treatments, and help you determine if these therapies are suitable for your unique situation. Healthcare professionals can also help you evaluate the available evidence and identify any potential risks or interactions with other medications.
Be cautious of unproven or unsafe alternative treatments
While alternative therapies can be appealing, it is important to be cautious and skeptical of unproven or unsafe treatments that claim to cure or completely alleviate eczema. Many alternative treatments lack scientific evidence for their effectiveness and may even be harmful. Always consult with a healthcare professional before pursuing any alternative therapies, and prioritize proven treatment options that are backed by scientific research.
Avoid Triggers
Identify and avoid triggers that worsen eczema symptoms
Individuals with eczema often have specific triggers that can worsen their symptoms. Common triggers include certain foods, stress, allergens, irritants, and environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. By identifying and avoiding these triggers, you can potentially reduce the frequency and severity of eczema flare-ups. Keeping a diary to track your symptoms and potential triggers can be helpful in identifying patterns and making informed decisions about triggers to avoid.
Keep a diary to track potential triggers
Keeping a diary specifically dedicated to tracking your eczema symptoms and potential triggers can provide valuable insights. Note down any changes in your symptoms, what you were exposed to or consumed, as well as environmental factors. Over time, patterns may emerge, making it easier to pinpoint triggers that exacerbate your eczema. Share this information with your healthcare provider to facilitate targeted treatment and management.
Common triggers include certain foods, stress, and environmental factors
Certain foods, stress, and environmental factors are frequently reported triggers for eczema. Foods that commonly trigger eczema flare-ups include dairy, eggs, soy, wheat, and nuts. Emotional stress, lack of quality sleep, and extreme weather conditions can also contribute to symptom exacerbation. Identifying and avoiding these triggers is key to effectively managing eczema and minimizing flare-ups.
Follow a healthy diet and manage stress levels
Maintaining a healthy diet and managing stress levels are important for overall well-being and can impact eczema symptoms. Consuming a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains can help support your immune system and promote healthy skin. Additionally, finding healthy ways to manage stress, such as through exercise, relaxation techniques, or engaging in hobbies, can help reduce the likelihood of stress-induced eczema flare-ups.
Create a comfortable and allergen-free living environment
Creating a comfortable and allergen-free living environment can significantly reduce the risk of eczema flare-ups. Dust mites, pet dander, and certain fabrics can trigger itching and irritation in individuals with eczema. Minimize exposure to potential allergens by regularly cleaning and vacuuming your home, using hypoallergenic bedding, and avoiding fabrics that may be irritating to your skin. Maintaining a clean and allergen-free environment can help enhance your overall skin health and reduce eczema symptoms.
Prescription Medications
Consult a doctor for prescription medications
When eczema symptoms become severe or do not respond to over-the-counter treatments, it is important to consult a doctor for further evaluation and potential prescription medications. Dermatologists can assess your condition, prescribe appropriate medications, and provide personalized guidance tailored to your specific needs.
Consider antibiotics for infected eczema
In some cases, eczema can become infected, leading to increased redness, swelling, and discharge. If your doctor determines that your eczema is infected, they may prescribe antibiotics to target the underlying bacterial infection. It is important to follow the prescribed course of antibiotics as directed, even if your symptoms improve, to ensure complete eradication of the infection.
Use antifungal creams for eczema caused by fungal infections
In certain instances, eczema can be triggered or worsened by a fungal infection. If your doctor diagnoses a fungal infection as the cause of your eczema, they may prescribe antifungal creams or ointments. These medications specifically target and eliminate the fungal infection, relieving your eczema symptoms. Follow your doctor’s instructions regarding application and duration of treatment to effectively manage both the fungal infection and the underlying eczema.
Discuss other prescription options such as calcineurin inhibitors
Calcineurin inhibitors are another class of prescription medications that can be used for eczema management. These topical medications work by modulating the immune response, reducing inflammation, and improving eczema symptoms. They are usually prescribed for specific areas of the body and for short-term use. Always follow your doctor’s recommendations and report any concerns or adverse effects while using calcineurin inhibitors.
Follow the prescribed dosage and usage instructions
When using prescription medications for eczema, it is crucial to adhere to the prescribed dosage and usage instructions. Follow your doctor’s recommendations carefully to ensure maximum benefit and minimize the risk of side effects. If you have any concerns or questions about your prescribed medications, do not hesitate to consult your healthcare provider for clarification.
In conclusion, treating eczema involves a comprehensive approach that addresses both the symptoms and underlying causes. By following a regular moisturizing routine, using topical corticosteroids as directed, considering antihistamines for itching relief, exploring alternative therapies, and avoiding triggers, you can effectively manage your eczema and improve your quality of life. Remember to consult a healthcare professional for personalized recommendations and guidance throughout your eczema treatment journey.
